Quality management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 7

Quality management - Assignment Example Hence, it is important that clear decisions are made. But clear decisions cannot just be made literally. Clear decision making is done with the help of various means. In this case, the design of experiments as learnt in this course is one means through which clear decision making can be done. It avails the evidence, the observations, the conclusions and the factual evidence that is needed in decision making. This paper looks at how the design of experiments is involved in decision making in industrial settings, how it is involved in decision making for the purposes related to quality management and why, how, when it is done and its association with cost benefit analysis. From an industry perspective, it is evident that the competition amongst industries is stiff at all levels of competition. This coupled with the fast changing technological techniques for use in industries adds the pressure on industries to make decisions that are certain, based on evidence and facts. As learnt in this unit, the design of experiments is a vital decision making tool for evidences. As per the research conducted when undertaking the assignments, it was evident that one of the aims of industries is to locate the best possible production level. This was by taking all the factors involved in the production process into account and designing an experiment that would help the industry’s management to make the right decision on which factors to make use of. The DOE enables industries to come up with an appropriate model for production by utilizing the data of the factors obtained. This is part of the decision making process of industries. It was learnt that industries design experiments that include one to several factors that they think will have an effect on a response variable to evaluate if the said factors truly have an effect on the response variable. In industries, the decision making process involved the carrying out of experiments in a

Glmaorizing Teen Pregnancy Essay Example for Free

Glmaorizing Teen Pregnancy Essay Media, specifically television has taken the issue of teen pregnancy to a whole other level. The shows 16 and Pregnant, Teen Mom, and The Secret Life of the American Teenager document the lives of young teenage girls facing the issue of being a pregnant teenager. Originally created to show the controversial subject of teen pregnancy, all of these shows soon began to change. As the seasons continued in all three of these shows, the controversial subject of teen pregnancy soon became a glorifying concept. What was first viewed as just a fantasy is now becoming a reality for many teenagers. Viewers of these shows are now seeing that teen pregnancy isn’t all that bad; it may even be considered normal according to MTV and ABC Family. The â€Å"teenage celebrities† on these shows are making it through life just fine; portraying that anyone else can too. Yes, these teenagers may have faced hard times in the beginning, but at the end of the day, their lives are unrealistically viewed as ordinary. Both MTV and ABC Family depict the lifestyle of being a pregnant teenager to be somewhat glamorizing. The reality television show 16 and Pregnant was first aired on MTV on June 11, 2009. This show follows the stories of four pregnant teenage girls [Farrah, Maci, Amber and Catelynn] that are in high school dealing with the hardships of teenage pregnancy. â€Å"Each episode follows a five to seven month period in the life of a teenager as she navigates the bumpy terrain of adolescence, growing pains, rebellion, and coming of age; all while dealing with being pregnant† (MTV. com). During the first few episodes of season one, the struggles of dealing with teenage pregnancy seemed difficult and nearly impossible. MTV portrayed each girl as if they were not going to make it through this crisis they were about to face, and their lives were soon coming to an end because being a pregnant teen was not acceptable. As the show continued and episodes passed, these so called â€Å"hardships†, no longer seemed to be that difficult. With all the support from their families and/or boyfriends that they received, these teenage girls were able to get through this bump in the road pretty well. Not only did they get support from people they knew, they received the most of their support from MTV. While teenage pregnancy might have started out rough, becoming an MTV celebrity could not have been too bad. According to Arienne Thompson, author of â€Å"16, Pregnant †¦ and Famous: Teem Moms Are TV’s New Stars†, â€Å"All four women are mainstays on USA TODAYs Celebrity Heat Index, which measures media exposure; Portwood [Amber] topped the list for October, beating out Angelina Jolie and Prince William. The moms are regularly on the covers of People and Us Weekly and have Facebook fan pages dedicated to them† (USA Today). Putting the stars of these reality shows on a magazine cover puts them in the same place as any other famous person. The message that is being sent out to girls is that if they get pregnant as a result of being sexually active, then they too can end up on TV or on a magazine cover. Being sixteen and pregnant may not be the most ideal lifestyle, but becoming more popular than an experienced, well-known actress at the age of sixteen is another story. Viewers of 16 and Pregnant now see that if they become pregnant at a young age, they also can have the chance to become famous alike Farrah, Maci, Amber and Catelynn did. MTV did not decide to stop there though. As if these girls were not famous enough, as a continuation of 16 and Pregnant, MTV aired Teen Mom on December 8, 2009, only six short months after the broadcast of 16 and Pregnant took place. This show takes the four teenagers from 16 and Pregnant, and documents their first few years of motherhood. Receiving more attention than before, MTV has millions of viewers watching Teen Mom each week, making these â€Å"teenage celebrities† even more famous. Teen Mom executive producer Morgan J. Freeman says, â€Å"The concern for teens, however, is what else they may see in the show. While the Teen Mom stars have their share of struggles on the small screen each week, paparazzi shots and tabloid covers manage to rip them out of the context of MTV and place them in the realm of celebrity† (USA Today). Even celebrities agree that the characters on these shows are becoming too idolized. â€Å"Kim Kardashian boldly states that â€Å"It seems like shows like ‘Teen Mom’ are all of a sudden making teen pregnancy look cool in the eyes of young girls. She even goes a step farther and says that the girls from the shows â€Å"have become almost like celebrities, but girls these are not people you should idolize! †Ã¢â‚¬  (Jadebt13). Along with MTV, ABC Family decided to air a show following the life of a pregnant teenager. On, July 1, 2008, ABC Family aired the show, The Secret Life of the American Teenager, which became the network’s most watched series in the 12-34 demographic (McKay 1). This show follows the character Amy Jergen through her pregnant life, and also through her life of being a mother. In the first season, Amy realizes that she has become pregnant, and does not know how to tell her friends or family. This season shows the struggles that Amy faces while being pregnant, but as the season comes to an end, life become simpler to Amy. The Secret Life of the American Teenagers glamorizes her teen pregnancy by having the schools marching band play their instruments as Amy first returns back to school after finding out that she has become pregnant [which is a little unrealistic]. Not only does this event take place, but also Amy’s boyfriend, which is not the father of her soon to be son, proposes the idea of getting married and helping her take care of the baby. At the start of the second season, Amy has her baby boy, named John. With the birth of John everything soon turned into a fairytale ending, and her life completely turned around; her boyfriend problems fall into place, and she started to receive support from her family, friends and community. This season sent out the message to its viewers that if you become pregnant as a teenager, you will have support from surrounding people, when that is not always the case. In conclusion, television is glamorizing the lifestyle of pregnant teenagers. The shows 16 and Pregnant, Teen Mom, and The Secret Life of the American Teenager all have different story lines to them, but in the end, they all show that some good can come out of being a pregnant teen. 6 and Pregnant and Teen Mom are both reality television shows that idolize the glamour of being pregnant by the publicizing these girls not only on MTV, but also in outside sources such as magazines. The Secret Life of the American Teenager on the other hand, is a scripted television show that depicts teen pregnancy as being a joy, fun, and simple by showing how great life can be having a baby at such a young age. Both MTV and ABC Family chose to air similar concept shows around the same time period that glamorized teen pregnancy when r ealistic having a baby in your teen years is not ideal, nor a pleasure.

Ethics and Morality of the Death Penalty | Personal View

Ethics and Morality of the Death Penalty | Personal View The death penalty is an immoral and ineffective policy. In this paper I will show that the death penalty is ineffective and immoral. I will prove that it is ineffective by showing that it has been imposed on innocent people, targets racial minorities, and does not deter crime. In addition, I will prove that it is an immoral practice. The death penalty has been imposed on innocent people in the past. Researchers James Liebman and Jeffry Fagan examined death penalty cases in a time period of twenty-two years and found that most of the cases were not conducted correctly, and that many of the defendants were innocent. Of the eighty-two percent of defendants with death sentences that were overturned by state appellate courts7% were found to be innocent of the capital crime charged (Schmalleger). The innocence of some of the defendants convicted of a capital crime proves the fallibility of the juries which convicted them. Juries impose their racial prejudices when finding a defendant guilty or innocent. This is evident in the ratio of African Americans and Caucasian Americans in the population, compared to the ration of them convicted with the death penalty. African Americans compose of twelve percent of the population of the United States, and they compose of forty-two percent of the number of current people on death row. Moreover, in almost every death penalty [of a black person], the race of the victim is white, whereas [since 1972] only one [death penalty] has involved a white defendant for the murder of a black person (Schmalleger). These statistics clearly indicate that juries impose their racial prejudices on defendants. Crime rates do not deter in states with the death penalty. Many death penalty apologists claim that the imposition of the death penalty deters people from committing violent crimes. However, studies have shown that homicides in some states with the death penalty are, shockingly, higher than those without it. Moreover, it is also a financial burden to impose the death penalty on people. It costs more to impose the death penalty on someone than it does to confine them to prison for life. The concept of the death penalty is immoral in itself, for it returns a wrong for a wrong. The wrongness or evil of an action is not affected when imposed on someone who committed a wrong in the past. This is because the wrongness of an action exists within the action itself, and not the circumstances in which the action is committed. The reason that the state gets involved when someone does some sort of wrong is because that wrong has somehow disturbed the order of society. And people are jailed or imprisoned to prevent them from further disturbing the order of society. But returning the wrong (e.g. the death penalty) does not repair the order that existed prior to the first wrong, but only disturbs it more. This is because retribution (e.g. imposing the death penalty on someone who murdered someone) is not a good and if it were the case that it is a good then someone should be able to enact revenge on someone who wronged them in the past. For example, if it were the case that retri bution is good then a man should be able to steal from a thief who stole from him in the first place. Another example is someone raping an individual who raped them prior to the first incident. These two examples clearly show that it is evidently untrue that retribution is good. Thus, the death penalty is not beneficial to society, and it is also immoral. In this paper I have showed that the death penalty is both ineffective and immoral. It is ineffective in that it does not deter crime, it is imposed on innocent people, and targets racial minorities. It is immoral because it returns a wrong for a wrong, and a wrong is never right, evidently. Therefore, the death penalty is an immoral and ineffective practice. Reference:Â  Schmalleger, Frank. Criminology. 2nd. Upper Saddle River: Pearson Education, 2011.

To His Coy Mistress Essay: An Act of Persuasion -- His Coy Mistress Es

   To His Coy Mistress: An Act of Persuasion  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚      In the poem by Andrew Marvell, he tries to persuade a lady of his love, that she should do as he wishes,   and give herself up for him.   In order to do so, he expresses his arguments in the poem being discussed.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the second line he starts off trying to persuade her,   by telling her that she really does want to give herself up to him,   but is too shy.   He reassures her, and tells her that this does not matter, and there is nothing wrong with it, however she must look beneath her coyness.   This seems to be his main argument, along with the concept of time that is discussed on a very broad basis.   The reader is also informed of the title of the poem, and this makes it clear to the reader, and indeed his mistress, that this is all that stands between her and his love    â€Å"This coyness, Lady,   were no crime.†    the poet tries to persuade her by continuously reminding her about the problem of time.   He does this by mentioning the Indian Ganges,   and the Flood.   The Indian Ganges supposedly mark the end of time,   whilst the Flood marks the end of life as well,   but in the biblical sense.    â€Å"Thou by Indian Ganges’ side†    â€Å"Love you ten years before the Flood†    This idea of time running out is also emphasised further in the middle of the poem,   as well as right at the end.   At first he mentions that she shall not live for ever,   and the day will come where she will die,   and then they can no longer enjoy each others love.    â€Å"Time’s winged chariot hur... ...x lines of Andrew Marvell’s poem,   he brings across a certain image.   The imagine of time hurrying on,   and there being nothing he can change about it.   He tries to create an image of the two of them finding there way together,   and making the best of things.   He seems to want to suggest to her,   in an open and honest way,   that he cannot promise that their future will always be rosy,   but it should be a future and a destiny they should share.    â€Å"And tear our pleasures with rough strife†    The closing six lines paint a very harmonic picture in the readers eye,   and with it a peaceful image of two lovers going through life together,   and cherishing every minute,   until they day that they die.    â€Å"Thus,   though we cannot make our sun Stand still,   yet we will make him run.†

How does Forster(TM)s narrative style affect the relationship between reader, character and situation? Essay

Forster’s narrative style affects the relationship between reader, character and situation in many different ways. Forster’s narrative technique is often quite muddled. His style of narration wavers between optimism and uncertainty. He is always trying to show and describe one thing but means something else. He starts out with a certain vision, only to have it falter in subtle and frightening ways, and then reaffirms it. His narrative style can be rather subtle at times especially when he reveals his own opinion about a character, it is very indirect. However, on the contrary one of Forster’s narrative techniques is to address the reader directly. Forster also leaves the reader to make their own view on the character; many times he does not reveal an opinion about the character so the reader can create their own interpretation. His narrative style can affect the situation in diverse techniques. Forster can describe the situation in which Lucy can let out her emotion in her conscious and unconscious state, he reefers to music. How he describes general way of being and life in A Room with a View has a link to music. The affirmation from his certain vision comes with an artistic admission. The articulate, dominant narrative voice chooses to have things turn out that way. For example Forster show the readers that life in his novels is rather like Beethoven’s sonnets ‘ They can triumph or despair as the player decides and Lucy had decided that they should triumph’ (Page twenty nine) The music becomes a way to show and relate to how Lucy attempts to convince her subconscious of a certain lifestyle. Forster also uses his artistic admission with Lucy and the way in which Forster narrates his novel affects how the readers view the characters. Using Lucy Honeychurch as an example, the readers gain a connection with her. At the beginning of the novel Forster revealed her immaturity and often showed it with his narrative techniques. Throughout the novel the reader sees that Lucy develops into a more mature character. For example, her break up with Cecil shows the readers that she has finally distinguished her own thoughts realising that Cecil is not the man for her. The situation is narrated through the vision of art. Forster describes Cecil’s constant comparisons of Lucy to a Leonardo. It is based on Cecil’s perception of her â€Å"shadows† and â€Å"reticence†, which are actually signs of her confusion and repression. Lucy is always muddled and the reader sometimes does not comprehend her, it is all to do with her not knowing what she really wants. Just as the reader starts to think they understand her Forster muddles up his narrative technique and ‘throws’ the reader from their thoughts quite subtly. Subtlety plays quite a vital role in Forster’s narrative manner. He uses it in many ways, to describe the characters in deep thought. He also uses it with the character Mr. Beebe. He is clearly gay, just like E. M. Forster himself and Forster states the fact of Mr. Beebe’s sexuality however in an extremely clever and subtle way without making the whole situation too obvious. The indirect narration of the characters plays a major role in the novel. Forster reveals his own opinion very indirectly. It provides a fine example of the highly visual nature of Forster’s narrative style and his concentration of the gaze on characters, especially male ones. The readers can see that he favours Mr. Emerson and therefore Forster makes no criticism towards him. The readers can see that few characters receive full lengthy physical description. However, on the contrary, Forster shows the characters that he is not so fond of, for example, Miss Bartlett. Forster subtly criticises her in his narration. Most of the novel is narrated from Lucy’s prospective and at times from Mr. Beebe’s and Charlottes. Lucy and Charlotte’s relationship is exposed. Forster makes it obvious that Lucy is told what to think by Charlotte. He narrates it in such a way that it represents the freedom (or lack of it) that Lucy has. At the beginning of the novel Lucy is inferior to Charlotte and is expected to think what charlotte thinks and do what she does. It illustrates the opposition of immaturity and maturity shown in the beginning and end of the book. Forster also shows opposition within his narration between the characters. For instance, Ms. Bartlett and Cecil are described as more conservative characters more indoor kind of people and are generally narrated doing things less active. A vast majority of the time they are only narrated doing things inside. However, comparing them to Freddy, Lucy and George it shows extreme distinction between characters because they are more outdoor and active characters, often narrated doing thing outside which then goes on to show the link to the view and how they appreciate it a lot more than Cecil and Charlotte. For example, Cecil refuses to play tennis stating that he was not made to play sport. Overall, Forster’s narrative style affects the relationship between the Readers by subtly favouring the character, by showing criticism towards the character or not criticising them at all and leaving the opinion to be made by the reader. His narrative style affects the situation by linking it to something that the reader can refer to, in this case, art and music. This therefore leads to a much more vivid image of the situation that the reader creates in his of her mind.

Concentrated Media Ownership and its Implications Essay Example

Concentrated Media Ownership and its Implications Essay Example Concentrated Media Ownership and its Implications Essay Concentrated Media Ownership and its Implications Essay Most industrialized societies understand that monopolies are generally harmful to the average consumer, and many have taken steps to protect the consumer from price gouging and other related misbehaviors of monopolistic companies.   Unfortunately, the media can also be a monopoly.   If a range of media providers is controlled by a small number of companies or individuals, the result can be equally as damaging to readers and viewers, the consumers of media.   Thus, this type of concentrated media ownership in Australia severely limits the type of programming available to the readers and viewers. Concentrated media ownership in Australia affects consumers in two realms:   the entertainment industry and the information industry.   The content in both of these realms is severely limited by concentrated media ownership.   With television programmers vying for ratings, the stations are going to give people a big dose of what sells.   The diversity of programming will suffer, with shows that focus on education, the arts and social issues suffering in lieu of violent crime dramas, sexual sitcoms and other â€Å"saleable† programs.   According to Ted Turner, a media mogul himself, â€Å"Media companies have gotten so large and concentrated that an independent voice has an almost impossible time getting started in any kind of meaningful way, and thats a great tragedy for our country† (Lieberman, 2003).   The result is a whole lot of the same old thing. With an even wider impact is the news media.   The news media has become the 4th estate in the eyes of many, as it is present to watch and report issues of political and social concern.   According to media analysts, the media plays â€Å"a vital role in linking citizens and the state† (text, 2006, p. 41). Unfortunately, when the media companies become monopolistic or oligopolistic, these wide ranges of news coverage diminish.   Political affiliations become more important than objective reporting while sensational, dramatized news becomes the norm because it is what sells advertisements. Ralph Nadar, a prominent economist, fears that this trend, which is the norm in Australia, especially after the amendment to allow companies to own multiple stations or newspapers in a single market, will lead to a dumbing down and eventually to censorship of certain content.   â€Å"It will lead to more absentee, remote, syndicated, and automated control of local TV stations, warns Nader† (Benjamin, 2003).   The frightening thing is that media can even affect policy because the elected officials, with the support of the TV stations, ultimately pass the laws for the state (text, 2006, p. 32). At its worst, the media can actually determine what people believe.   This happens for two reasons.   First, if the media does not report news, then the public does not know the facts.   Secondly, the way the media spins the news via the reports it airs affects the interpretation of the events.   This has horrible implications for all viewers.     Ã¢â‚¬Å"The nations most powerful media companies are trying . . . to gain total control over the news and information that Americans are allowed to read, see, and hear† (Benjamin, 2003).   Once this occurs, the public will be at the mercy of the media companies. Sadly, this type of concentrated system simply feeds on itself.   It does not provide any means for competition or even dissenting viewpoints.   The public broadcasters or independent companies cannot compete for the advertising dollar or even afford the technology that the larger companies can; they are effectively edged out of the market, if they even have a foothold at all.   The politicians, through the support of the media, even affect the policies and laws that people have to live by.   This situation is not amenable for the viewing and reading public.